# set terminal pngcairo transparent enhanced font "arial,10" fontscale 1.0 size 600, 400 # set output 'random.5.png' set grid nopolar set grid xtics nomxtics ytics nomytics noztics nomztics nortics nomrtics \ nox2tics nomx2tics noy2tics nomy2tics nocbtics nomcbtics set grid layerdefault lt 0 linecolor 0 linewidth 0.500, lt 0 linecolor 0 linewidth 0.500 set key bmargin right vertical Right noreverse enhanced autotitle nobox set view 68, 28, 1.4, 0.9 set samples 200, 200 set zzeroaxis lt black linewidth 1.000 dashtype solid set xyplane at 0 set xtics axis in scale 1,0.5 nomirror norotate autojustify set ytics axis in scale 1,0.5 nomirror norotate autojustify set ztics axis in scale 1,0.5 nomirror norotate autojustify set title "Histogram of distance from origin of\n3000 multivariate unit variance samples" set title offset graph 0, 0.15, 0 font "" textcolor lt -1 norotate set xrange [ 0.00000 : 4.50000 ] noreverse set yrange [ 0.00000 : 0.650000 ] noreverse set zrange [ -4.00000 : 4.00000 ] noreverse tstring(n) = sprintf("Histogram of distance from origin of\n%d multivariate unit variance samples", n) isint(x)=(int(x)==x) Binv(p,q)=exp(lgamma(p+q)-lgamma(p)-lgamma(q)) arcsin(x,r)=r<=0?1/0:abs(x)>r?0.0:invpi/sqrt(r*r-x*x) beta(x,p,q)=p<=0||q<=0?1/0:x<0||x>1?0.0:Binv(p,q)*x**(p-1.0)*(1.0-x)**(q-1.0) binom(x,n,p)=p<0.0||p>1.0||n<0||!isint(n)?1/0: !isint(x)?1/0:x<0||x>n?0.0:exp(lgamma(n+1)-lgamma(n-x+1)-lgamma(x+1) +x*log(p)+(n-x)*log(1.0-p)) cauchy(x,a,b)=b<=0?1/0:b/(pi*(b*b+(x-a)**2)) chisq(x,k)=k<=0||!isint(k)?1/0: x<=0?0.0:exp((0.5*k-1.0)*log(x)-0.5*x-lgamma(0.5*k)-k*0.5*log2) erlang(x,n,lambda)=n<=0||!isint(n)||lambda<=0?1/0: x<0?0.0:x==0?(n==1?real(lambda):0.0):exp(n*log(lambda)+(n-1.0)*log(x)-lgamma(n)-lambda*x) extreme(x,mu,alpha)=alpha<=0?1/0:alpha*(exp(-alpha*(x-mu)-exp(-alpha*(x-mu)))) f(x,d1,d2)=d1<=0||!isint(d1)||d2<=0||!isint(d2)?1/0: Binv(0.5*d1,0.5*d2)*(real(d1)/d2)**(0.5*d1)*x**(0.5*d1-1.0)/(1.0+(real(d1)/d2)*x)**(0.5*(d1+d2)) gmm(x,rho,lambda)=rho<=0||lambda<=0?1/0: x<0?0.0:x==0?(rho>1?0.0:rho==1?real(lambda):1/0): exp(rho*log(lambda)+(rho-1.0)*log(x)-lgamma(rho)-lambda*x) geometric(x,p)=p<=0||p>1?1/0: !isint(x)?1/0:x<0||p==1?(x==0?1.0:0.0):exp(log(p)+x*log(1.0-p)) halfnormal(x,sigma)=sigma<=0?1/0:x<0?0.0:sqrt2invpi/sigma*exp(-0.5*(x/sigma)**2) hypgeo(x,N,C,d)=N<0||!isint(N)||C<0||C>N||!isint(C)||d<0||d>N||!isint(d)?1/0: !isint(x)?1/0:x>d||x>C||x<0||x1?1/0: !isint(x)?1/0:x<0?0.0:p==1?(x==0?1.0:0.0):exp(lgamma(r+x)-lgamma(r)-lgamma(x+1)+ r*log(p)+x*log(1.0-p)) nexp(x,lambda)=lambda<=0?1/0:x<0?0.0:lambda*exp(-lambda*x) normal(x,mu,sigma)=sigma<=0?1/0:invsqrt2pi/sigma*exp(-0.5*((x-mu)/sigma)**2) pareto(x,a,b)=a<=0||b<0||!isint(b)?1/0:x=a?0.0:f==0?1.0/a:2.0/a*sin(f*pi*x/a)**2/(1-sin(twopi*f)) t(x,nu)=nu<0||!isint(nu)?1/0: Binv(0.5*nu,0.5)/sqrt(nu)*(1+real(x*x)/nu)**(-0.5*(nu+1.0)) triangular(x,m,g)=g<=0?1/0:x=m+g?0.0:1.0/g-abs(x-m)/real(g*g) uniform(x,a,b)=x<(a=(a>b?a:b)?0.0:1.0/abs(b-a) weibull(x,a,lambda)=a<=0||lambda<=0?1/0: x<0?0.0:x==0?(a>1?0.0:a==1?real(lambda):1/0): exp(log(a)+a*log(lambda)+(a-1)*log(x)-(lambda*x)**a) carcsin(x,r)=r<=0?1/0:x<-r?0.0:x>r?1.0:0.5+invpi*asin(x/r) cbeta(x,p,q)=ibeta(p,q,x) cbinom(x,n,p)=p<0.0||p>1.0||n<0||!isint(n)?1/0: !isint(x)?1/0:x<0?0.0:x>=n?1.0:ibeta(n-x,x+1.0,1.0-p) ccauchy(x,a,b)=b<=0?1/0:0.5+invpi*atan((x-a)/b) cchisq(x,k)=k<=0||!isint(k)?1/0:x<0?0.0:igamma(0.5*k,0.5*x) cerlang(x,n,lambda)=n<=0||!isint(n)||lambda<=0?1/0:x<0?0.0:igamma(n,lambda*x) cextreme(x,mu,alpha)=alpha<=0?1/0:exp(-exp(-alpha*(x-mu))) cf(x,d1,d2)=d1<=0||!isint(d1)||d2<=0||!isint(d2)?1/0:1.0-ibeta(0.5*d2,0.5*d1,d2/(d2+d1*x)) cgmm(x,rho,lambda)=rho<=0||lambda<=0?1/0:x<0?0.0:igamma(rho,x*lambda) cgeometric(x,p)=p<=0||p>1?1/0: !isint(x)?1/0:x<0||p==0?0.0:p==1?1.0:1.0-exp((x+1)*log(1.0-p)) chalfnormal(x,sigma)=sigma<=0?1/0:x<0?0.0:erf(x/sigma/sqrt2) chypgeo(x,N,C,d)=N<0||!isint(N)||C<0||C>N||!isint(C)||d<0||d>N||!isint(d)?1/0: !isint(x)?1/0:x<0||xd||x>C?1.0:hypgeo(x,N,C,d)+chypgeo(x-1,N,C,d) claplace(x,mu,b)=b<=0?1/0:(x1?1/0: !isint(x)?1/0:x<0?0.0:ibeta(r,x+1,p) cnexp(x,lambda)=lambda<=0?1/0:x<0?0.0:1-exp(-lambda*x) cpareto(x,a,b)=a<=0||b<0||!isint(b)?1/0:xa?1.0:f==0?real(x)/a:(real(x)/a-sin(f*twopi*x/a)/(f*twopi))/(1.0-sin(twopi*f)/(twopi*f)) ct(x,nu)=nu<0||!isint(nu)?1/0:0.5+0.5*sgn(x)*(1-ibeta(0.5*nu,0.5,nu/(nu+x*x))) ctriangular(x,m,g)=g<=0?1/0: x=m+g?1.0:0.5+real(x-m)/g-(x-m)*abs(x-m)/(2.0*g*g) cuniform(x,a,b)=x<(a=(a>b?a:b)?1.0:real(x-a)/(b-a) cweibull(x,a,lambda)=a<=0||lambda<=0?1/0:x<0?0.0:1.0-exp(-(lambda*x)**a) bin(x) = (1.0/scale)*floor(x*scale) NO_ANIMATION = 1 nsamp = 3000 fourinvsqrtpi = 2.25675833419103 invpi = 0.318309886183791 invsqrt2pi = 0.398942280401433 log2 = 0.693147180559945 sqrt2 = 1.4142135623731 sqrt2invpi = 0.797884560802865 twopi = 6.28318530717959 binwidth = 20 xlow = 0.0 xhigh = 4.5 scale = 4.44444444444444 oneplot = 1 rlow = -4.0 rhigh = 4.0 ## Last datafile plotted: "$random" ## Last plot was a multiplot # saved multiplot if (oneplot) set multiplot layout 1,2 unset key rlow = -4.0 rhigh = 4.0 set parametric set xrange [rlow:rhigh]; set yrange [rlow:rhigh]; set zrange [rlow:rhigh] set xtics axis nomirror; set ytics axis nomirror; set ztics axis nomirror; set border 0 set xyplane at 0 set xzeroaxis lt -1 set yzeroaxis lt -1 set zzeroaxis lt -1 set view 68, 28, 1.4, 0.9 tstring(n) = sprintf("Gaussian 3D cloud of %d random samples\n", n) set title tstring(nsamp) offset graph 0.15, graph -0.33 splot $random every :::::0 with dots if (!oneplot) pause -1 "Hit return to continue" unset parametric unset xzeroaxis; unset yzeroaxis; set border set grid set samples 200 set size 0.47,0.72 set origin 0.44,0.18 tstring(n) = sprintf("Histogram of distance from origin of\n%d multivariate unit variance samples", n) set title tstring(nsamp) offset graph 0, graph 0.15 set key bmargin right vertical xlow = 0.0 xhigh = 4.5 binwidth = 20 scale = (binwidth/(xhigh-xlow)) set xrange [0:xhigh] set yrange [0:0.65] bin(x) = (1.0/scale)*floor(x*scale) plot $random using (bin(sqrt($1**2+$2**2+$3**2))):(1.0*scale/nsamp) every :::::0 smooth frequency with steps title "scaled bin frequency", maxwell(x, 1/sqrt(2)) with lines title "Maxwell p.d.f.", $random using (sqrt($1**2+$2**2+$3**2)):(scale/nsamp) bins=25 binrange [xlow:xhigh] with impulse lw 5 title "assign samples to 25 bins" unset multiplot